Fig1a. The Bi-formed Equiangular Spiral and M51

Fig.1b The Double-formed* Spiral k = Phi 4 and the Whirlpool Galaxy M51 [Black and white (100kb)]
Edge-on Whirlpool Galaxy M51 image by the Hubble Heritage Team (NASA/STScI/AURA) using data collected by
Principal Astronomer N. Scoville (Caltech) and collaborators.
* Double-formed
  From part III, simplistically the transition from two to three dimensions, i.e., the rotation of the two-dimensional equiangular spiral through 180 degrees in both vertical and horizontal planes; the fourth dimension is time itself -- "Time: Eternal, Young and Old, and of a Spiral Form."

Copyright © 2003. John N. Harris, M.A.(CMNS). Last updated on May 11, 2003.

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